The Totalization agreement with Italy became effective on November 1, 1978. A supplementary
Totalization agreement became effective on January 1, 1986, and revised several provisions
of the original agreement.
Periods of U.S. and Italian social security coverage a worker earned in the United
States or Italy before November 1, 1978, are usable in establishing entitlement to
U.S. or Italian Totalization benefits. However, the earliest possible date of entitlement
to benefits under the agreement is November 1, 1978.