The Vienna Conventions on Diplomatic and Consular Relations usually exempt nationals
of a country who work abroad in the diplomatic or consular services of their country
from social security coverage and contributions under the laws of the host country
unless that person specifically waives the exemption.
The Conventions, to which both the United States and Portugal are Parties, apply to:
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Members of the staff of a diplomatic or consular mission, including the diplomatic,
consular, administrative, and technical staffs; and
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Dependents of members of those staffs; and
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The domestic service staff of those missions; and
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Under certain conditions, the private servant employees of members of such missions.