In general, Swiss social security covers all residents of Switzerland.

Non-working residents over age 20 who have other sources of income also have coverage. Covered employees, their employers, covered self-employed persons and nonworking residents with other income are subject to compulsory contributions with the exception of a non-working partner of a covered worker. Persons residing in Switzerland who are not in covered employment pay a flat-rate annual contribution based on their current socio-economic conditions.

Swiss nationals who reside outside of Switzerland and who do not have compulsory Swiss coverage may make voluntary social security contributions to build future benefit rights. (e.g., self-employed persons).