Program Operations Manual System (POMS)
TN 33 (08-20)
COMPASSIONATE ALLOWANCES INFORMATION
|
PEARSON SYNDROME
|
ALTERNATE NAMES
|
Pearson Marrow Pancreas Syndrome; Sideroblastic Anemia with Marrow Cell Vacuolization
and Exocrine Pancreatic Dysfunction; Pearson Anemia
|
DESCRIPTION
|
Pearson Syndrome is a type of rare inherited multisystem disorder caused by mitochondrial mutations,
leading to progressive bone marrow failure and pancreas dysfunction. This results
in severe anemia, variable low platelet and neutrophil counts, pancreatic insufficiency,
and poor growth. Associated features may include insulin-dependent diabetes, muscle
and neurological involvement, and liver and kidney dysfunction. The diagnosis of Pearson
syndrome is usually made in the first year of life.
|
DIAGNOSTIC TESTING, PHYSICAL FINDINGS, AND
ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM
CODING
|
Diagnostic testing: A confirmed diagnosis is documented by molecular genetic analysis showing deletions
in mitochondrial DNA. Other lab studies include:
-
-
•
Complete blood cell and reticulocyte counts; and
-
•
Metabolic studies including electrolytes, lactic acid, bilirubin, and albumin.
Physical findings:
-
•
Poor growth/failure to thrive;
-
•
Hepatosplenomegaly (enlarged liver and spleen); and
-
ICD-9:
277.87
ICD-10: D64.0
|
PROGRESSION
|
Most children with Pearson syndrome die in infancy or early childhood due to bacterial
sepsis resulting from neutropenia, metabolic crisis, or hepatic failure. The few persons
surviving into adulthood often develop Kearns-Sayre syndrome, a rare neuromuscular
disorder.
|
TREATMENT
|
There is no specific treatment for Pearson syndrome. Treatment is supportive and symptomatic.
Chronic red blood transfusions are required to treat anemia. Neutropenia may be treated
with colony stimulating factor. Pancreatic enzyme replacement treats malabsorption
due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
|
SUGGESTED PROGRAMMATIC ASSESSMENT*
|
Suggested MER for Evaluation:
-
•
Clinical history and examination that describes the diagnostic features of the impairment;
and
-
•
Results of molecular genetic analysis showing deletions in mitochondrial DNA.
|
Suggested Listings for Evaluation:
|
DETERMINATION
|
LISTING
|
REMARKS
|
Meets
|
107.10
|
|
Equals
|
|
|
* Adjudicators may, at their discretion, use the Medical Evidence of Record or the
listings suggested to evaluate the claim. However, the decision to allow or deny the
claim rests with the adjudicator.
|