Generally, the Agreement covers a person under the coverage laws for the country where the person performs the work. A worker whose covered employment would otherwise cause dual coverage under the laws of both countries will remain covered only under the laws of the country where the worker performs the work.

The agreement provides several exceptions to the territoriality rule to ensure that a worker's coverage is under the system of the country to which the worker has the greater attachment. The references below shows where to find these exceptions.