Identification Number:
SI 02004 TN 18
Intended Audience:See Transmittal Sheet
Originating Office:LP ISP
Title:Direct Field Office Payments
Type:POMS Full Transmittals
Program:All Programs
Link To Reference:
 

PROGRAM OPERATIONS MANUAL SYSTEM
Part SI – Supplemental Security Income
Chapter 020 – Benefits and Payments
Subchapter 04 – Direct Field Office Payments
Transmittal No. 18, 09/18/2026

Audience

FO/TSC: CS, CS TXVI, CSR, CTE, DRT, FR, OA, OS, RR, TA, TSC-CSR;

Originating Component

ISP

Effective Date

Upon Receipt

Background

The agency may issue an Emergency Advance Payment (EAP) or Immediate Payment (IP) to recipients and beneficiaries who demonstrate a dire need and meet other criteria. In the past, we issued these payments via paper check. Effective March 2025, Executive Order (EO) 14247 Modernizing Payments To and From America's Bank Account and EO 14249 Protecting America's Bank Account Against Fraud, Waste, and Abuse require the Department of Treasury to issue all federal payments electronically. In compliance with the EOs, the agency began issuing EAPs and IPs via a United States Debit Card (USDC), effective February 9, 2026. This transmittal incorporates Finance and Management Policy's implementation of the USDC. The transmittal also clarifies and combines existing EAP and IP policies and procedures.

Summary of Changes

SI 02004.001 Emergency Advance Payments and Immediate Payments

Subsection A - Added an "Introduction"; formerly titled "Policy".

Subsection B - Re-titled, "Policy - emergency advance payments and immediate payments"; Incorporated relevant EAP policies from Emergency Advance Payments and IP policies in Immediate Payments (IPs). Incorporated policy from Immediate Payments in Concurrent Cases. Revised the chart for clarity and included the increased maximum Title II and Title XVI immediate payment amounts, per EM-23063 SEN.

Subsection C - Re-titled, "Policy - Maximum emergency advance payment and immediate payment amounts payable"; Incorporated relevant EAP policies from Emergency Advance Payments)and IP policies from Immediate Payments (IPs).

SI 02004.005 Emergency Advance Payments

Archive

SI 02004.010 Field Office Procedures for Emergency Advance Payments

Subsection A - New section titled "Introduction".

Subsection B (new) - titled, "Procedure - Emergency advance payment"; includes instructions for processing an emergency advance payment.

Subsection C (new) - titled, "Procedure - Title XVI immediate payment"; includes instructions for processing a Title XVI immediate payment.

Subsection D (new) - titled, "Procedure - Completing Form SSA-8102 and releasing payment". Added technician and cashier's responsibilities for issuing an EAP and IP via a US Debit Card. Added relevant cross references.

SI 02004.100 Immediate Payments (IPs)

Archive

SI 02004.120 Immediate Payments in Concurrent Cases

Archive

SI 02004.130 Field Office Procedures for SSI Immediate Payments

Archive

Conversion Table
Old POMS ReferenceNew POMS Reference
SI 02004.005Archive
SI 02004.100Archive
SI 02004.120Archive
SI 02004.130Archive

SI 02004.001 Emergency Advance Payments and Title XVI Immediate Payments

CITATIONS:

Social Security Act § 1631(a)(4)(A)Act; 20 CFR § 416.520

A. Introduction

This section provides information and guidance on emergency advance payments (EAP) and Title XVI Immediate Payments (IP). The EAP and IP are two methods of expedited payments made only in the field office (FO) within the Third Party Payment System (TPPS). Effective 02/09/2026, we issue these payments via a United States Debit Card (USDC). For more information about a USDC, refer to TPPS and GN 02402.021.

B. Policy - emergency advance payments and immediate payments

We issue the EAP and IP in situations when we cannot issue regular payments timely through Treasury certification, automated one-time payments (A-OTP), or manual one-time payments (M-OTP) to address the individual's financial emergency. For more information on A-OTP and M-OTP, refer to SM 01901.000. In priority of payment, we issue EAPs before issuing IPs.

The EAP and IP are advances against an individual's future Supplemental Security Income (SSI) payments. These advances are not additional monies due the individual. We will recover an EAP and IP from future SSI payments for which we determine an individual is eligible, refer to SI 02004.001B.1.d and SI 02004.001B.2.e in this section.

We may issue an EAP or IP to an individual who received interim assistance. We will not pay the EAP or IP to the State for reimbursement. Instead, we will recover the EAP or IP amount from SSI payments for which we determine an individual is eligible. The payable balance is available for reimbursement to the State. For more information on Interim Assistance Reimbursement, refer to SI 02003.001. To issue an EAP or IP, refer to SI 02004.010.

If the individual has a representative payee (payee) we must issue the EAP or IP through the payee. For representative payee payment procedures, refer to GN 00502.001.

1. Emergency advance payment

We issue an EAP under statutory authority. We may issue a one-time EAP to certain individuals applying for SSI. The EAP amount cannot exceed the total amount of SSI (Federal benefit rate (FBR), plus the federally administered State supplementary payment (SSP), if any) due the individual, in the month we issue the EAP.

a. Eligibility

An individual may receive an EAP if they will receive SSI payments based on a finding of presumptive disability/presumptive blindness (PD/PB). If the individual is experiencing a financial emergency and the FO cannot make a presumption of disability or blindness determination, advise the disability determination service (DDS) of the emergency. For PD/PB procedures, refer to DI 11055.240. The DDS may be able to make a finding of presumptive disability or blindness per DI 23535.010.

NOTE: 

We do not consider a reversed presumptive disability or blindness determination as an overpayment, refer to SI 02201.010.

b. Initial application

We may issue an EAP to an individual even if we issued an EAP to the same individual on a prior claim if they are filing a subsequent SSI application. We may also issue an EAP to an individual who appealed a prior denial and was successful on appeal.

c. Financial emergency

We consider an individual having a financial emergency when they do not have sufficient income or resources to meet an immediate threat to their health or safety, such as the lack of food, clothing, shelter, or medical care.

An individual may have an emergency if they have liquid resources but cannot access the resources quickly enough to meet an immediate threat to health or safety. If there is no evidence to the contrary, accept an individual's allegation that they do not have enough money to meet an immediate threat.

An individual has the right to choose a specific health professional, shelter, clothing, food, etc., to meet their needs. Do not make this choice for an individual to avoid making an EAP. For example, do not refer them to a less expensive health service of another type or another source to avoid making an EAP.

d. Recovering an emergency advance payment

If the individual is due retroactive SSI payments, recover the full EAP amount from the retroactive payments. If the individual is not due retroactive SSI benefits, recover the EAP in six equal installments from the first six payments due. Recover the EAP in fewer months if the individual makes the request, or if they are due fewer than six months of payment, because there is a closed period of disability of less than six months. Refer to the EAP procedures in SI 02004.010B.

2. Immediate payment

The Commissioner of Social Security (COSS) instituted the IP policy to help individuals who do not qualify for an EAP. The IP policy applies to both Title XVI and Title II cases, as well as concurrent cases (Title XVI eligibility and Title II entitlement). For information about Title II IPs, refer to RS 02801.010. The maximum Title XVI IP amount is $2,000 for an individual or each member of an eligible couple.

a. Criteria

We may make an IP when a case meets these requirements:

  • The case involves delayed payment of an initial claim, delayed or interrupted payments, or nonreceipt of issued payments; and

  • All development is complete and eligibility for payment has been established; and

  • The individual has a financial emergency that the FO cannot resolve, or FO management concludes that a case represents a potential public relations problem requiring prompt action. These problems may include homelessness or a natural disaster.

References:

b. Initial claims

In initial claims, do not make an IP without a valid Social Security number. Make an EAP, rather than a Title XVI IP if the EAP criteria are met per SI 02004.001B.1 in this section. If a case meets the IP criteria in an initial claim, the FO may make an IP after making an EAP.

c. Immediate payments in concurrent cases

In concurrent cases where retroactive benefits are due and windfall offset applies, compute the windfall offset first. This computation determines the Title XVI and Title II amounts due. For more information about Title II/Title XVI Windfall Offset, refer to GN 02610.005.

Make the IP from the program which can pay the full IP amount. Use this chart as a guide.

If

Then...

Both Title II and Title XVI can pay the full IP amount

Pay the IP from Title II funds, refer RS 020801.010.

Title II equals or exceeds the IP amount

Pay a Title II IP.

Title II is less but Title XVI equals or exceeds the IP amount

Pay a Title XVI IP.

Both Title II and Title XVI are less than the IP amount

Pay the Title II IP first and then the Title XVI IP up to the IP maximum or the amount of total unpaid benefits, whichever is less.

d. Posteligibility - delayed or interrupted payment

In posteligibility (PE) cases, we may make an IP if the recipient meets the criteria upon reinstatement. We will also make an IP if payments will be delayed or stopped due to a systems limitation or other systems problems.

e. Recovering an immediate payment

Recover the IP amount from the first regular payment following the IP.

3. Emergency advance payment versus immediate payment

This chart specifies the differences between an EAP and an IP.

EAP

IP

Authority: § 1631(a)(4)(A) of the Social Security Act; 20 CFR § 416.520

Authority: By decision of the COSS

Payable Program: Title XVI only

Payable Programs: Title II and Title XVI

Period: Initial claims only

Period: Initial claims and PE

Maximum payment amount is the smallest of:

  • The amount of SSI (FBR plus SSP, if applicable) currently due an individual or couple;

  • The total amount due from the first month for which payment is due through the month in which the EAP is paid; or

  • The amount requested for the emergency

Maximum payment amount:

Title II - lesser of $5,000 or benefits due

Title XVI - $2,000

Concurrent - $5,000 against total benefits due for Title II/Title XVI

Frequency: One time per claim

Frequency: As needed due to dire need

Recovery: All at once from a retroactive payment. If no retroactive payment is due, in six monthly installments from SSI payments.

Recovery: From future monthly payments

References: SI 02004.001, SI 02004.010

References: SI 02004.001, SI 02004.010, RS 02801.010 (for Title II)

C. Policy - maximum emergency advance payment and immediate payment amounts payable

The EAP is based on the amount an individual requests for the emergency, and the total amount of SSI they are currently due. The maximum EAP amount is the most we can pay an individual for one EAP. When issuing an EAP, we will pay the lower of these amounts:

  • The FBR plus the federally administered SSP. The SSP includes mandatory minimum State supplementary (MMSS) and optional State supplementary (OSS) payments. For more information on State Supplementation, refer to SI 01401.001; or

    NOTE: 

    If we issue the EAP before the first month that payment is due, use the FBR and the SSP for the first month payment is due. Otherwise, use the FBR and SSP for the month in which we issue the EAP.

  • The total amount of payments due from the first month that payment is due through the month in which we pay the EAP; or

  • The total amount the individual requested for the financial emergency.

The IP amount is based on the individual requests for the emergency, but not more than $2,000. The maximum Title XVI IP amount is $2,000.00 for an individual or each member of an eligible couple. The maximum concurrent (Title XVI/Title II) IP amount is $5,000.00 for an individual or each member of a couple. Do not exceed this limit. If more benefits are due, use another method of payment (e.g., A-OTP). When issuing an IP, pay the smallest of these amounts.

  • The maximum IP amount, $2,000, for a Title XVI eligible individual or each member of a Title XVI eligible couple; or

  • The maximum IP, $5,000, for an individual receiving concurrent benefits (Title II and Title XVI); or

  • The total unpaid benefits due at the time the FO makes the IP; or

  • The requested amount for the emergency, which may be less than the total of unpaid benefits due or $2,000 for an individual receiving Title XVI only, or $5,000 for an individual receiving concurrent benefits.

SI 02004.010 Issuing Emergency Advance Payments and Title XVI Immediate Payments

CITATIONS:

Social Security Act § 1631(a)(4)(A); 20 CFR § 416.520

A. Introduction

This section provides guidance for processing and issuing emergency advance payments (EAP) and Supplement Security Income (SSI) immediate payments (IP). Individuals must meet certain requirements to receive an EAP or IP. For more information about EAP and IP requirements and order of payment, refer to SI 02004.001.

Field office (FO) technicians issue EAPs and IPs using the Third Party Payment System (TPPS). Effective 02/09/2026, we issue these payments via a United States Debit Card (USDC). For USDC and TPPS information, refer to TPPS GN 02402.021.

B. Procedure - Emergency advance payment

Take these steps to process and issue an EAP.

1. Computing the emergency payment amount

Compute the individual’s EAP amount, using the SSI Retrospective Monthly (RMA) program or Form SSA-4968 (SSI RMA Payment Worksheet), refer to SI 02005.090. Once the EAP has been paid and recorded on the Supplemental Security Record (SSR), retention of the printout/SSA-4968 is no longer required. Determine the maximum EAP amount payable per SI 02004.001C.

2. Processing the emergency advance payment

Establish, approve, and transmit the EAP in the Modernized Supplemental Security Income Claims System (MSSICS). Refer to SM 01325.002 and MS 00303.008. After establishing and approving the payment on the applicable MSSICS screens, transmit the payment information to the TPPS.

CAUTION: To allow issuance of a USDC from TPPS, establish, approve and transmit the EAP data to the SSR on the same day. Failure to do so will prevent the EAP information from propagating into TPPS and the information will not be sent to the SSR in the overnight batch process.

Use the completed information in MSSICS to issue a USDC for an EAP. The cashier will use the instructions outlined in the TPPS User Guide to transfer the funds to a USDC.

NOTE: 

When establishing an EAP, the system interfaces with the EAP database. An individual may receive one EAP per claim SI 02004.001B. If an EAP exists on the database already, another EAP will not be allowed to be paid. If an EAP does not exist on the database, then the EAP is approved and transmitted to the SSR. The database will be updated with the EAP information. An EAP will not be allowed if the current SSR has a prior payment issued. For information about the EAP database, refer to SM 01601.145.

C. Procedure - Title XVI immediate payment

Take these steps to make a Title XVI IP determination.

1. Making a Title XVI determination

 

Step

Action

1

Is a financial emergency or a potential public relations problem involved? Have all possibilities been exhausted to resolve the emergency?

If yes, go to step 2. If no, STOP.

Explain no IP can be paid.

2

Is an EAP barred?

If yes, go to 3.

If no, issue an EAP, as instructed in SI 02004.010B of this section.

3

Has SSI eligibility been established?

If yes, go to step 4.

If no, and Title II entitlement is established and there is unpaid Title II funds due, evaluate for a Title II immediate payment, refer to RS 02801.010.

If no, and Title II entitlement is not established, STOP. Explain no IP can be paid.

 

4

Is it an initial, delayed, interrupted payment or nonreceipt case?

If yes, go to step 5.

If no, explain why an IP cannot be made. Pay any SSI due by A-OTP, M-OTP and or expedite the case to put it in regular payment immediately.

5

Obtain approval for an IP from FO management. If making a determination for a concurrent Title II/Title XVI case, evaluate the case to decide from which program to issue the IP, refer to SI 02004.001B.2. Is a Title XVI IP payable?

If yes, determine the maximum IP amount payable, refer to SI 02004.001C. Process the payment per SI 02004.010C.2 in this section.

If no, take required actions to immediately process the case into regular payment or evaluate for a Title II IP, refer to RS 02801.010.

NOTE: 

The 30-day limit on issuing subsequent IPs no longer applies. However, recipients must meet ALL criteria before we can issue a subsequent IP within 30 days.

2. Processing a Title XVI immediate payment

Establish, approve, and transmit the Title XVI IP in MSSICS. Refer to SM 01325.002 and MS 00303.009. After establishing and approving the payment on the applicable MSSICS screens, transmit the payment information to the TPPS.

CAUTION: To allow issuance of a USDC from TPPS, establish, approve and transmit the IP data to the SSR all on the same day. Failure to do so will prevent the IP information from propagating into TPPS and the information will not be sent to the SSR in the overnight batch process.

Use the completed information in MSSICS to issue a USDC for an IP. The cashier will use the instructions outlined in the TPPS User Guide to transfer the IP funds to the USDC.

D. Procedure - Completing Form SSA-8102 and releasing payment

Before the cashier releases the Emergency Advance Payment or Title XVI Immediate Payment via a USDC, a technician will:

  • Complete the fillable Form SSA-8102, (Advance Payment or Immediate Payment Receipt and Notice) template by recording receipt of the EAP or IP. If both members of a couple receive an EAP, complete a separate Form SSA-8102 for each payment. Also, use a separate SSA-8102 when issuing both an EAP and IP for the same individual. The SSA-8102 is also located in the inForm Library per SI 02004.060.

  • Print all three copies of the SSA-8102.

  • Obtain the recipient or representative payee's signature on all three copies.

  • Provide the copies of the SSA-8102 and SSI query to the cashier.

  • Upload the "File" copy of the SSA-8102 to the Evidence Portal, refer to GN 00301.322 after the cashier releases the USDC.

The cashier will:

  • Review the SSA-8102 to ensure accuracy and that the recipient or representative payee signed all three copies.

  • Obtain a Simulated Supplementary Security Record (SSIM) and review the APM field to reflect the payment.

  • Issue the USDC to the recipient or their representative payee. For more information about issuing USDC payments through TPPS, refer to GN 02402.021C, AIMS 03.05.07 and the TPPS User Guide.

  • Give the copy marked "Claimant" to the beneficiary or representative payee as a receipt and notice.

  • Return the "File" copy to the technician.

  • Retain the "Cashier" copy and the SSI query as documentation in the TPPS file as required for FO manager audit and review.



SI 02004 TN 18 - Direct Field Office Payments - 9/18/2026