The look-back date for initial claims is 36 months before the date of filing. A transfer for less than fair market value at any time after the look-back date may result in a period of ineligibility. If an individual has an initial claim pending and transfers a resource after the date of filing, the look-back date is still 36 months before the date of filing because the individual may have also transferred a resource prior to the filing date.

In posteligibility, the look-back date is the date the individual transferred a resource. When redetermining SSI eligibility, it is always necessary to ask whether any resources were transferred since the previous review. Absent evidence to the contrary, we assume that any transfers before the period of review have already been developed. However, if an undeveloped transfer is uncovered that occurred before the period of review, it must be developed because it may affect months in the period of review. Although development of such a transfer is not limited by the period of review, applying the period of ineligibility is limited under the rules of administrative finality unless there is a determination of fraud or similar fault. See SI 04070.020 and SI 04070.020.

Assuming that fraud or similar fault is not applicable, the CR then uses the rules of administrative finality to determine which months Gray will be ineligible for SSI. Starting from 9/15/02 the CR counts back 24 months and determines that Gray is ineligible for SSI from 10/00-5/01 (the month that the 15-month period of ineligibility ended). If the CR had determined that either fraud or similar fault applied to Gray's case, the period of ineligibility for SSI would not have been limited by administrative finality.

The period of ineligibility begins on the first day of the month after the month the resource was transferred for less than fair market value. The rule applies for initial claims and in posteligibility situations.

Exception: If an individual transfers resources several times, the total uncompensated value of all the transfers in the applicable period is used to determine the length of the period of ineligibility and the period would begin on the first day of the month after the first transfer.

Example 1: Transfer Before Filing Month On 6/6/00 Jones files for SSI. Jones alleges that they transferred a resource on 12/21/99. The claims representative (CR) determines that the individual transferred the resource for less than fair market value and that Jones is subject to a period of ineligibility of 4 months. The CR determines that the period of ineligibility would be from 1/00 (the month after the transfer) through 4/00. Since Jones did not file for SSI until 6/6/00, the period of ineligibility has no effect on their SSI eligibility.

Example 2: Transfer in Filing Month Johnson gives away $2,500 cash to their sibling on 5/15/00 and files for SSI on 5/20/00. The first month of the period of ineligibility is 6/00 (the month after the transfer).

Example 3: Transfer After Filing Month Smith files for SSI on 4/28/00. Smith learns that Smith is over the resource limit because Smith has $6,500 in savings. Smith gives away $5,000 on 5/3/00 and reports this to the field office. The CR determines that Smith is ineligible due to excess resources for 4/00 and 5/00 and that the period of ineligibility due to the transfer begins in 6/00 (the month after the transfer).

Example 4: Posteligibility Transfer James has been on SSI for several years. On 6/3/00 James inherits a piece of real property worth $10,000. James transfers ownership of the property to a relative on 6/21/00 and receives no compensation. The inheritance counts as income in 6/00 and the period of ineligibility due to the transfer begins in 7/00. (See SI 01150.110E. and SI 01150.001B.5. for policy on transfers occurring in the month of receipt.)

Example 5: Multiple Transfers Thomas files for SSI on 10/22/00. The CR learns that Thomas gave away $2,500 cash on 3/15/00 and that Thomas gave away an $1,500 cash on 5/3/00. The period of ineligibility would be based on uncompensated value of $4,000 ($2,500 + $1,500) and would begin in 4/00 (the month after the first transfer).

A period of ineligibility can be from 1 month up to a maximum of 36 months depending on the amount of the uncompensated value. A period of ineligibility cannot exceed 36 months regardless of the uncompensated value of the transfer. Months in the period of ineligibility can coincide with months of ineligibility for other reasons. See SI 01150.111 for instructions for computing the number of months in the period of ineligibility.

This provision applies to transfers by co-owners only when the transfer by the co-owner reduces or eliminates the individual's ownership interest in the resource.

Generally, transfer of real property by a co-owner will not affect the individual's ownership of the property. The individual would retain their ownership interest when a co-owner sells their interest in the property.

In joint bank account situations, it is necessary to develop the ownership of the funds using the instructions in SI 01140.205 before determining whether there has been a transfer of resources. If an eligible individual is a joint-owner of a bank account with an ineligible individual, we assume that the eligible individual owns all of the funds in the account. If the eligible individual owns all of the funds, withdrawal of funds by the co-owner would be a transfer of resources for less than FMV. If the eligible individual owns the funds and withdraws them, it will be necessary to determine whether the individual spent the funds and received FMV (SI 01150.007). In addition, if the eligible individual takes their name off the account, this could also be a transfer of resources unless all the funds belonged to the co-owner.